Methanol

The latest articles related to Methanol

Gasification – Introduction

Gasification is a process that converts carbonaceous materials, such as coal, petroleum, biofuel, or biomass, into carbon monoxide and hydrogen by reacting the raw material, such as house waste, or compost at high temperatures with a controlled amount of oxygen and/or steam. The resulting gas mixture is called synthesis gas or syngas and is itself [...]

Honda FCX – 1999 FCX concept and prototypes

The first prototype FCX is a four-door, four-seat vehicle that was launched in 1999. Dimensions are: length 4165& mm, width 1760& mm and height& 1645& mm. The fuel cell was a PEFC (proton exchange membrane) manufactured by Ballard Power Systems. The fuel cell had power output of 78& kW. The engine has a maximum output [...]

Hydrogen storage – Onboard hydrogen storage

Targets were set by the FreedomCAR Partnership in January 2002 between the United States Council for Automotive Research (USCAR) and U.S. DOE (Targets assume a 5-kg H2 storage system). The 2005 targets were not reached in 2005. The targets were revised in 2009 to reflect potentially more attainable goals, where the ultimate goal for volumetric [...]

Energy storage – Storage methods

*Chemical **Hydrogen **Biofuels **Liquid nitrogen **Oxyhydrogen **Hydrogen peroxide *Biological **Starch **Glycogen *Electrochemical **Batteries **Flow batteries **Fuel cells *Electrical **Capacitor **Supercapacitor **Superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) *Mechanical **Compressed air energy storage (CAES) **Flywheel energy storage **Hydraulic accumulator **Hydroelectric energy storage **Spring **Gravitational potential energy *Thermal **Ice Storage **Molten salt **Cryogenic liquid air or nitrogen **Seasonal thermal [...]

Catalytic reforming – Introduction

Catalytic reforming is a chemical process used to convert petroleum refinery naphthas, typically having low octane ratings, into high-octane liquid products called reformates which are components of high-octane gasoline (also known as petrol). Basically, the process re-arranges or re-structures the hydrocarbon molecules in the naphtha feedstocks as well as breaking some of the molecules into [...]

Glossary of fuel cell terms – R

* – ACRONYMS Reactor : Reactor, see: bioreactor, membrane reactor and chemical reactor. Reagent : A reagent or reactant is a substance or compound consumed during a chemical reaction. Rectifier : A rectifier is an electrical device that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC), a process known as rectification. Redox : Redox (shorthand [...]

Alternative technology – Alternative technologies

Alternative technologies include the following: * Anaerobic digestion * Composting * Fuel cells * Fuels for automobiles (besides gasoline and diesel) ** Alcohol (either ethanol or methanol) ** Biodiesel ** Vegetable oil * Greywater * Solar panels ** Silicon-based ** Photosynthetic “Gratzel cells” (Titanium dioxide) * Landfill gas extraction from landfills * Mechanical biological treatment [...]

Syngas – Introduction

Syngas (from ”synthesis gas”) is the name given to a gas mixture that contains varying amounts of carbon monoxide and hydrogen. Examples of production methods include steam reforming of natural gas or liquid hydrocarbons to produce hydrogen, the gasification of coal, biomass, and in some types of waste-to-energy gasification facilities. The name comes from their [...]

Biofuel – Liquid fuels for transportation

Most transportation fuels are liquids, because vehicles usually require high energy density, as occurs in liquids and solids. High power density can be provided most inexpensively by an internal combustion engine; these engines require clean burning fuels, to keep the engine clean and minimize air pollution. The fuels that are easiest to burn cleanly are [...]

Direct-ethanol fuel cell – Advantages

DEFC uses Ethanol in the fuel cell instead of the more toxic methanol. Ethanol is an attractive alternative to methanol because it comes with a supply chain that’s already in place. Ethanol also remains the easier fuel to work with for widespread use by consumers. Ethanol is a hydrogen-rich liquid and it has a higher [...]

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